|   亞急性皮膚型紅斑狼瘡。以皮膚症狀為主的紅斑狼瘡特殊亞型,屬系統性紅斑鋃瘡和慢性盤狀紅斑狼瘡的中間型,是相對良性的全身性疾病皮膚損害,主要為丘疹鱗屑型,和環形多環形兩種形態,與SLE、DLE同樣有TYK2, IRF5 及CTLA4 genes的遺傳異常。多數伴隨anti-Ro/SSA autoantibodies,好發族群包括ancestral haplotype HLA1, B8, DR3, DQ2, DRw52 and C4 null, deficiencies of C1q, C2 and C4 components of complement 及TNF-α–308 polymorphism。主要分布在光照部位(頭頸部,V字部位)。亞急性皮膚型紅斑狼瘡可能由藥物誘發,包括胃藥(PPI)及抗黴菌藥terbinafine。奎寧是主要的治療, 使用此療法應戒煙以免影響療效。最近也有以 etanercept成功治療的報告。 | Antihypertensives                              | 40/117(34·2%) |  | Calcium channel blockers |  |    Diltiazem                                                             | 6 cases |  |    Verapamil                             | 5 cases |  |    Nifedipine                         | 3 cases |  |    Nitrendipine                      | 1 case |  | Diuretics |  |    Hydrochorothiazide                                             | 10 cases |  |    Hydrochlorothiazide + triamterene                              | 3 cases |  |    Chlorthiazide                             | 2 cases |  | Beta blockers |  |    Oxprenolo                             | 4 cases |  |    Acebutolol                           | 1 case |  | Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors |  |    Enalapri                          | 2 cases |  |    Lisnopril                             | 1 case |  |    Captopril                              | 1 case |  |    Cilazapril                              | 1 case |  | Antifungals                              | 30/117 (25·6%) |  |    Terbinafine                                                          | 29 cases |  |    Griseofulvin                                                      | 1 case |  | Chemotherapeutics                              | 10/117 (8·5%) |  |    Docetaxe                            | 3 cases |  |    Paclitaxel                              | 3 cases |  |    Tamoxifen                             | 2 cases |  |    Capecitabine                              | 2 cases |  | Antihistamines                              | 9/117 (7·7%) |  |    Ranitidine                                                              | 7 cases |  |    Brompheniramine                             | 1 case |  |    Cinnarizine + thiethylperazine                           | 1 case |  | Immunomodulators                              | 8/117 (6·8%) |  |    Leflunomide                                                  | 5 cases |  |    Interferon α and β                        | 3 cases |  | Antiepileptics                              | 3/117 (2·6%) |  |    Carbamazepine                              | 2 cases |  |    Phenytoin                                                               | 1 case |  | Statins                              | 3/117 (2·6%) |  |    Simvastatin                              | 2 cases |  |    Pravastatin                              | 1 case |  | Biologics                              | 2/117 (1·7%) |  |    Etanercept                               50                              | 1 case |  |    Efalizumab                              | 1 case |  | Proton pump inhibitors                              | 2/117 (1·7%) |  |    Lansoprazole                              | 2 cases |  | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs                              | 2/117 (1·7%) |  |    Naproxen                              | 1 case |  |    Piroxicam                                                               | 1 case |  | Hormone-altering drugs                              | 2/117 (1·7%) |  |    Leuprorelin                              | 1 case |  |    Anastrozole                              | 1 case |  | Ultraviolet therapy                              | 2/117 (1·7%) |  |    PUVA                              | 1 case |  |    PUVA and UVB                              | 1 case |  | Others                              | 4/117 (3·4%) |  |    Bupropion                              | 1 case |  |    Tiotropium                              | 1 case |  |    Ticlopidine | 1 case |  |    Hay with fertilizer                              | 1 case |     |